Can packing apparatus



G. c. CURRIE, JR., ETAL 3,032,945

May 8, 1962 CAN PACKING APPARATUS 13 Sheets-Sheet 1 Original Filed Feb. 5, 1959 ATTORNEY y 1952 G. c. CURRIE, JR., ETAL 3,032,945

CAN PACKING APPARATUS Original Filed Feb. 5

13 Sheets-Sheet 2 HUGH u s? 0 nm% v o 0 Q MQ um i E R HVVENTORS Groz/erCc Cur?" E mm K mm S ATTORNEY May 8, 1962 G. c. CURRIE, JR., ETAL CAN PACKING APPARATUS l5 Sheets-Sheet 5 Original Filed Feb. 5, 1959 W .QE ME mQ QMQ Q Q m5 m3 v \3 T T u MI I H y mm Ram Q 1 RR mom won INVENTORS m m w m T @Q N WMM WW a 5 km Y y 1962 G. c. CURRIE, JR., ETAL 3,032,945

CAN PACKING APPARATUS Original Filed Feb. 5, 1959 13 Sheets-Sheet 4 BY WM 0 (4 V k g Q Q & ATTORNEY y 1962 G. c. CURRIE, JR., ETAL 3,032,945

CAN PACKING APPARATUS 15 Sheets-Sheet 5 Original Filed Feb. 5, 1959 0 GO 6 h 40 M 7 4 50 a O Q o 00 O JJJORU O .O i o o o I 0 0 n 3 O O 2 0 J. 9

O o o 0 0 O O O 0 O O O T O HO" 0 a INGVECI VTOHS J rover 10116, t.

avicZE Conraciefi ATTORNEY y 1962 G. c. CURRIE, JR., ETAL 3,032,945

CAN PACKING APPARATUS Original Filed Feb. 5, 1959 15 Sheets-Sheet 6 K WMW May 8, 1962 CAN PACKING APPARATUS Original Filed Feb. 5, 1959 15 Sheets-Sheet 7 7 5 3 2 4 6 a m I J II II Hul 2 3 /5 a/ 25 73 I8 9 73 2/ so 26 325 /5 60 58 r-/8 /0 9 Q) 20 58 lNl/E/VTORS I Grover C. CurrzqJr. David E Conrades ATTORNEY y 8, 1962 G. c. CURRIE, JR, ETAL 3,032,945

CAN PACKING APPARATUS 15 Sheets$heet 8 Original Filed Feb. 5, 1959 v 70/?5 Grover Currz'e Jt: David E Comrades BY W y 1962 G. c. CURRIE, JR., ETAL 3,032,945

CAN PACKING APPARATUS l3 Sheets-Sheet 9 Original Filed Feb. 5, 1959 INVENTORS I Grover C. Currz e,

David E. COZTFCZCZG/S ATTORNFY May 8, 1962 G. c. CURRIE, JR., ETAL 3,032,945

CAN PACKING APPARATUS Original Filed Feb. 5, 1959 13 Sheets-Sheet 1o &

Grover C. Currie,z7z: Davz'dE Conradeys A TTOR/VEY y 1962 G. c. CURRIE, JR, ETAL 3,032,945

CAN PACKING APPARATUS Original Filed Feb. 5, 1959 1s Sheets-Sheet 11 INVENTORS aroz/er 6. CurzzQJz: David E Comrade;

BY TTOR/VEY May 8, 1962 e. c. CURRIE, JR., ETAL CAN PACKING APPARATUS 13 Sheets-Sheet 12 Original Filed Feb. 5, 1959 l/VVE/VTORS rover C. Carri 6 J David E Comrade; 8) WM ATTORNEY United States Patent 8 Claims. (Cl. 53-48) The present invention relates to mechanism for enclosing groups of cans within cartons of the wrap-around type, and more specifically relates to mechanism for forming packages of cans in such cartons in a continuous operation.

This application is a divisional application of our corlvgtsiding application Serial No. 791,298 filed February 5,

The mechanism of the present invention is designed for use with open end wraparound carriers of the type which may be delivered to the packer in the form of an elongated, fiat blank having end portions adapted to be interengaged when broughttogether around a group of cans.

Among the important objects of the invention are to enclose groups of cans, or similar articles, rapidlyand efiiciently within an open-end wrap-aroundcarton; toprovide a unitary, high-speed blanlofeeding means that will deliver carton blanks effectively to a wrapping station to which a continuous supply of cans is delivered; to provide improved and efliciently operating means for conditioning interlocking parts in the end portions of the blank so that when the blanks are wrapped around the cans and the parts of the carton are brought into interlocking relation, such locking parts may readily be interengaged; to provide improved and simplified means for effecting engagement of the interlocking parts at the ends of the carton blank; and generally to improve the construction and operation of this type of mechanism.

An additional object is to provide effective adjusting means by which the mechanism of the present invention may be adjusted quickly and accurately to accommodate carton blanks of varying lengths for packaging difierent sizes of cans or similar articles.

In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a somewhat schematic plan view of a machine constructed in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a perspective view on an enlarged scale of a wrap-around carton of the type which may be used with the mechanism herein disclosed, such carton being shown as enclosing a group of six cans;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view in perspective showing various steps in treating the blank, wrapping it around a group of cans and securing the locking parts of the carton to retain the carton in can retaining condition;

FIG. 4 is a partial sectional view taken along line 4-4 of FIG. 1, showing the carton blank storage magazines and conveyor with carton blank delivery means for delivering blanks from the magazines to the feeding conveyor, and also showing a star wheel means for raising tabs which maintain cans in adjacent rows in separated relation;

FIG. 5 is a partial sectional view taken along line 5--5 of FIG. 1, illustrating the mid-section of the machine and showing the relationship of the feeding conveyor for the blanks and the main conveyor;

FIG. 6 is a partial sectional view taken along line 66 of FIG. 1, showing the portion of the machine adjacent its discharge end along which the ends of the blanks are folded up and over the can groups;

FIG. 7 is a detail side elevationalview of the oscillata-ble suction cup mechanism for removing carton blanks alternately from the two carton blank magazines and delivering them to the feeding conveyor;

FIG. 8 is a detail view, similar to FIG. 7, but showing the suction cups in a different position;

FIG. 9 is a fragmentary perspective view with certain parts removed showing details of the structure for controlling the movement of the suction cups and controlling their connection with the vacuum pumps;

FIG. 10 is a detail sectional view taken along 'line 10-10 of FIG. 4, looking in the direction of the arrows, showing the supporting conveyor and adjustable side bars of one of the carton blank magazines;

FIG. 11 is a somewhat schematic perspective view showing the mechanism for effecting simultaneous in and out adjustment of the carton magazine side bars to accommodate blanks of dilferent lengths;

FIG. 12 is a fragmentary detail sectional view taken along line 1212 of FIG. 4, showing stripping means for folding upward the tabs formed along the center of the blank which separate the cans in adjacent rows;

FIG. 13 is a fragmentary perspective view showing a blank passing beneath a hold-down bar and showing how the star wheel folds the separating tabsupwardly;

FIG. 14 is a schematic perspective view showing the driving means for the feeding conveyor and the connection between such conveyor and the main conveyor;

' FIG. 15 is a fragmentary plan view, partially in section, taken along line 1515 of FIG. 5, showing details of the conveyor drive and showing the feeding of groups of cans into position on the flat blanks;

FIGS. 16, 17 and 18 are detail sectional views taken along lines 1616, 1717 and 18-18 respectively of FIG. 15, showing how the T-shaped locking tabs are held in stripped out position and the end portion of the blank is folded over the plow element as the cartons are advanced;

FIG. 19 is a fragmentary, detail perspective view show- 7 ing the second stripping Wheel operating to deflect the T-shaped locking tabs from their original position in the plane of the blank;

FIG. 20 is a fragmentary perspective view showing various operating parts in their relation to the main conveyor with the cartons omitted for sake of clarity in illustrating the machine parts;

FIG. 21 is a schematic perspective view to illustrate the transfer mechanism between the feeding and main conveyors and driving means for the conveyors and other mechanism;

FIG. 22 is a fragmentary plan view illustrating the portion of the machine adjacent its discharge end showing among other features the plow means for folding the carton and the holding means or squeeze members to hold the vertical sides of the carton firmly against the can group;

FIG. 23 is a fragmentary detail perspective view showing the folding plow for the top closure panels of the carton;

FIG. 24 is a detail view showing the construction and mounting of the can hold-down device; FIGS. -25 (a), (b), (c) and (d) are fragmentary sectional'views taken along lines 25 (a), 25(b), 25(0) and 25(d) respectively in FIG. 22, looking in the direction of the arrows, showing progressive stages in folding the carton closure flaps into final position; v

FIG. 26 is a fragmentary detail sectional View taken along line 26-46 of FIG. 22 to show the construction and operation of the tuck and lock mechanism for forcing the T-shaped locking tabs into openings in the opposite carton closure;

FIG. 27 is a fragmentary detail sectional view taken on line 27-27 of FIG. 22 showing the cam element for the tuck and lock mechanism;

FIG. 28 is a fragmentary detail sectional view taken on 3 line 28-28 of FIG. 26, through one of the tuck andlock fingers; and

FIGS. 29, 30 and 31 are fragmentary detail perspective views showing progressively the operation offorcing the T-shaped locking tab through its cooperating locking opening.

In its essentials the mechanism, embodying the present invention comprises a suitable elongated frame which carries two aligned, flat carton blank supply magazines, a feeding conveyor for receiving the flat. blanks, suction cup delivery mechanism for delivery 'of blanks alternately from the magazines to the feeding conveyor, a main conveyor for receiving flat blanks from the feeding conveyor and for maintaining the blanks properly spaced, a pair of can conveyors, one on each side of the main conveyor, connect with inwardly converging conveyors serving' to bring groups of cans into position on the center panel of each of the fiat blanks. Stripper devicesare pro vided, one of which folds: upwardly suitable centerv tabs, to separate the. cans of one row from the cans in the adjacent row. Additional stripper devices act to deflect outwardly the T-shaped locking tabs. Plow means are provided for folding" upwardly narrow panels at each end of the blank, these panels being adapted to be received between the two rows ofcans in the completed package. Additional plow' means on the frame serve to fold inwardly the side and top panels of the cartons and bring the panels with the locking parts down flat against the tops of the cam, groups preparatory to the locking operation. Tuck and lock means are provided for forcing the T'-shaped locking tabs into the appropriate openings of the blank to complete the can packages.

Referring more particularly to the drawings, the machine as a whole may be seen in plan view in FIG. 1, andin side elevation by placing FIGS. 4, 5 and 6 in line. The complete machine comprises a carton storage and feeding section, or station, designated at A; a tab stripping section, orstation, designated at, B; a transfer and can.

receiving section, or station, C where the flat blanks are properly spaced and their central panels supplied. with a group of six cans arranged in two rows of three cans each, and additionally a second stripping operation is carried out in which the locking tabsfof the carton are deflected downward; and a final section, or station, D, somewhat overlapping section, C, in which the parts of the blank, are folded by plow means, first to fold a narrow strip along each of the ends and later to fold the panels of the carton up against the sidesof the can group, .then over and down against the tops of the cans, and in which the. lockingparts of the carton are engagedto complete the can package.

The construction of the can package may be.understood by referring to FIGS. 2 and 3. Elongated, flat blank 1 are cut and creased to provide a central panel 2, side panelsS and 4, top panels 5 and 6 and narrow panels 7 and 3 at the extremities of the blank. The principal panels are foldable along crease lines 9, 9 and 10,.10 and the narrow panels 7 and 8 are foldable along crease lines 11 and 12. In order to assist in the retention of cans 14, 1'4. withinthe carton cuts 15. are formed in thecarton at the fold lines. These cuts have an arcuate central portion which joins with straight slits. When the panels are folded into tubular form openings are provided for the accommodation of a portion of the can contour adjacent the can chime. The crease lines 9 and 10 are interrupted so they do not pass through the portions at the arcuate cuts whereby rigid tabs are formed that substantially conform to the can ends.

A number of small, rigid tabs '16 and 17 are provided along the crease lines .11 and 12 by making small U- shaped cuts terminating at the crease lines, which are interrupted across the cuts. As shown in FIG. 3 the tabs 16 are adapted to be flat on the edge of panel 6 when the carton is brought to final tubular condition. The tabs 17 are insertable in the openings formed by cutting the tabs 16. It is to be noted that the narrow panels 7 and 8 are folded to lie against each other and extend inwardly of the carton to form a separator between the rows of cans.

Locking means are provided to join the panels 5 and 6. For this purpose T-shaped tabs 18, 18. are formed by cuts in the narrow panel '7. These locking tabs are hinged at the crease line 11. Locking openings are formed in the panel 6 by U-shaped cuts which extend inward of the panel and terminate at a crease line 20. The tabs 21 thus formed are readily foldable to facilitate inward swinging of the tabs to provide locking openings 22 to receive the T-shaped tabs. It is not required to have the tabs 21, as a clear opening would suffice. The tabs do not interfere with the locking operation and simplify the carton production, as a stripping out operation is avoided. It is to be noted the lockingtabs are formed in the blank at a position where they will register with the open spaces left between the two rows of cans.

In order to separate the can rows at the can ends opposite those separated by narrow panels 7 and 8, there are provided in panel 2' three inwardly foldable tabs 25, 25. These tabs are preferably formed by making U-shaped cuts, the open ends of whichterminate in crease lines 26. In the finalform of the package each of the tabs 25, when folded inwardly, separates a pair of cans in the adjacent rows. It may also be noted at this point that in general practice the carton blanks will be pointed so that panel 2 constitutes the top of the package and panels 5 and 6 constitute the bottom. In the interest of simplicity of description the panels 5 and 6 will be referred to as top panels and the panel 2 will be referred to as the bottom panel, since that is the most convenient Way of forming the package.

Carton Storage and Feeding For convenience the carton storage and feeding mechanism may be mounted on a base frame separate from other frame parts of the machine. This may comprise main frame members 27. and 23 mounted on legs '29, 29. Carried on this frame are the two carton blank magazines indicated as a whole at 30 and 31, the feeding conveyor, indicated as a whole at 32, the blank delivery device, indicated as a whole at 33, and the stripper mechanism, previously referred to, indicated at B. i

The carton feeding conveyor will now be described. See FIGS. 1, 4, 5, 14 and 2 1. A shift 36 mounted in adjustable bearings 37 near the end of the machine carries a pair of sprockets 38, 38 over which pass endless chains 39, 39. The discharge end of the conveyor is supported on a frame extension 40 which carries bearings supporting a pair of aligned, spaced shafts 41 and 41a on which are secured sprockets 42, 42a over which the chains 39, 39 pass (see FIG. 14). Spaced pusher elements 43, 43 are secured on the chains to carry forward the carton blanks when deposited on the conveyor. The spacing of the pusher elements 43 is somewhat greater than the blank width for a purpose which will be explained below. Suitable rails 44, 44 are provided below the chains 39 to keep them supported between the sprockets.

The carton blank magazines are preferably located in alignment with the feeding conveyor and a short distance above the conveyor. identical and each comprises, as herein shown, three spaced, endless sprocket chains 47 and 47a respectively passing over sprockets 48 and 48:: respectively, carried on shafts 49, 50 and 49a and 5011 respectively. Separate groups of carton blanks are supported on the conveyor chains 47 and 47a and such chains are designed to be advanced step by-step as will be later described. Suitable rails are supported beneath the chains and between the end sprockets to keep the chains from sagging.

As shown in FIGS. 10 and 11, adjustable Side bars are provided to guide the ends of the blanks and assure their proper positioning on the feeding conveyor. For

These magazines are substantially.

this purpose rods 53, 53a and 54, 54a have their ends journalled in hearings in upstanding portions of side frame members 28, 28. These rods have portions near each end threaded so as to be received into interiorly threaded bosses 55, 55a and 56, 56a of upwardly projecting bracket supports indicated at 57, 57 and 58, 58 which respectively carry side guide bars 59, 59 and 6b, 68. The ends of threaded rods 54 and 54a have sprockets 61 and 61a keyed thereon over which passes a sprocket chain 62. Likewise rods "53 and 53a have sprockets 63 and 63a keyed thereon over which passes a chain 64. Rods 53a and 54a have sprockets 65 and 66 at their ends opposite the first mentioned sprockets. Chain 67 passes over these latter sprockets. A crank wheel 68 is secured on rod 54 to enable this rod to be rotated manually. All of the sprockets on the threaded rods are of the same size. Thus, by rotating rod 54 by the crank wheel, all of the threaded rods may be rotated in unison and the guide bars 59, '9 and bars 68, 60 move in symmetry outwardly or inwardly a uniform distance, thereby to accommodate the blank magazines for retention of blanks of different lengths.

The bracket supports 58, 58 have depending portions to which are secured guide bars 71, 71 which serve to guide the ends of the blanks as they are carried on the feeding conveyor chains 39, 39. See FIG. 10.

At the front or delivery points of each magazine there is supported a stationary bar 72 against which the upper edge of the leading blank may bear until such blank is withdrawn from the magazine as described below. These stationary bars are secured upon upstanding frame sections 73, 73 carried by side frame members 28.

The groups of blanks in the magazines are each supported by a follower plate 74 (see F168. 4 and 9) supported on a rod 74a having its ends fixed in bosses on carriage members '75 slidable along rods '76, 76 with one end supported in the frame section 73 and the other end supported in another frame section 73a. The follower plate is preferably mounted for swinging movement in a plane parallel with the blanks it supports. For this PUT-l pose the plate is pivoted on a pin 77 supported in a bracket element 78 keyed to the rod 74a. When it is desired to place additional blanks in one of the magazines such blanks may be placed at the rear of the follower plate. The plate may then be swung laterally while the additional blanks are supported by hand. The rod 74a supporting the follower plate is then moved rearward to clear the new supply. The follower plate is then swung back in the rear of such new supply.

Each follower plate is urged forwardly, or in the direction of the discharge point of the magazine, by a pair of counterweights 78 each slidable in a housing 79 on the frame member 28. The counterweights are suspended on chains 80 passing over idler sprockets 81 on the frame section 73 and having the ends connected near the opoposite ends of the rod 74a.

The upper end of the follower plate may have a hOll-r zontally disposed handle portion 82 at its upper end above the pin 77 for greater ease in swinging the follower plate laterally.

Vacuum Cup Delivery Mechanism The blank delivery mechanism as herein shown (see FIGS. 4, 7, 8, 9 and 14) is located in the space between the delivery points of the magazines 3% and 31. Two angularly positioned vacuum cups are mounted for both reciprocal and oscillating movements to bring first one cup and then the other into engagement with the foremost blank in the opposite magazines. The vacuum cups each engage a blank alternately and deposit the blank on the feeding conveyor. Thus, while the speed of reciprocation and oscillation of the vacuum cup support is relatively moderate, the blanks may be delivered in quick succession to the feeding conveyor.

The vacuum cups are preferably in two groups of three cups each designated at 85 and 86. See FIG. 9. The

need for a plurality of identically operable cups in the present instance is due to the elongation of the blanks which are to be handled. In effect each group of three cups acts as a single cup and at times will be so described 7 for simplicity. The two groups of cups are in the present instance mounted at right angles to each other. The degree of angularity may be varied without departing from the invention. Each individual cup is mounted together with an opposed cup on a support member comprising a sleeve 87 keyed on a rod 88 rockably mounted at its ends in an upstanding portion 89 of reciprocal carriage members 90, each having an apertured boss slidable on a rod 91 which has its ends supported in bosses 92 projecting from vertical portions of the section 73 of the machine frame. The two carriage members operate together and may therefore be considered as a unitary carriage. For the purpose of obtaining greater rigidity between the carriage members a bar 92 may be employed to connect their lower end portions 93. A pin 94 projecting from one of the lower portions 93 is connected by a link 95 to a rocker arm 96 fixed at its lower end on a rock shaft 97. Movement of the rocker arm serves to effect reciprocation of the carriage members 90. The driving means for the rocker arm 96 will presently be described.

Means are provided for automatically oscillating the vacuum cup support in time with the reciprocation of the carriage upon which the vacuum cups are mounted. For this purpose a rocker arm 180 (see FIGS. 7, 8 and 9) is keyed on the rod 88 and carries at one of its ends a cam roller 101. This roller is constantly urged upward by a coil spring 102 having one end secured on frame section 73 and the other end secured around the pin on which the roller 101 is journalled. The roller is arranged to travel on the under surface of a fixed cam plate 103 having a notch 104 at its mid point permitting the roller 101 to enter, thus bringing the rocker arm to vertical position. On each side of the notch 104 are horizontal surfaces 185, 105 on which the roller 101 may travel to hold one or the other of the groups of vacuum cups horizontal so they may engage flat against the leading blank in one or the other of the magazines. See FIG. 8.

Means are provided for controlling the suction on the vacuum cups so that the cups may engage a vertically disposed blank in the appropriate magazine and, on retrogression, remove it therefrom, bringing the blank down to horizontal position over the feeding conveyor and then releasing it for travel on such conveyor. The source of negative pressure for each group of cups may, if desired, be a single vacuum tank but, as shown herein, there are provided two relatively small, constantly operating pumps 187 and 108 driven by a single electric motor 189. The group of cups 85 has vacuum imposed through conduit 110 from pump 107 and the group 86 has vacuum imposed through conduit 111 from pump :108. A vacuum release chamber 112 is arranged in the conduit 110 and an identical chamber 113 is arranged in the conduit 111. See FIGS. 8 and 9. As vindicated in FIG. 9 the bore of the chambers is relatively large compared with the bore of the conduits. A closure valve is provided for each chamber to open it to the atmosphere. These valves are indicated at 114 and 115. The valves are designed to remain closed except for a period when its vacuum cup is directed down, as shownin FIG. 8, to release the engaged blank.

The operating mechanism for the two valves comprise respectively pivotal arms 116 and 1160. supported on pivot pins held in respective bracket members, 117 and 117a, keyed respectively near opposite ends of the rod 88. Coil springs 118, 118a connected at one end on an extended part of the bracket and at its other end connected to the pivotal arm, serve to urge the valves toward closed position. The opposite end of each pivotal arm carries a cam roller 119, 119a. Each roller is arranged to engage on the underside of a cam member, 120, 12011, fixed on the 7 frame members on opposite sides of the frame. By comparison of FIGS. 7, 8 and 9, it may be seen that, when the vacuum cup group 85 has engaged a blank and is in the process of pulling it down, the release valve remains closed. However, as soon as the carriage 90 has moved to the right, as shown in FIG. 8, sufiiciently to bring the cam roller 101 out from the notch portion 104 of the cam plate 103 to cause oscillation of rod 88 counterclockwise, the rocker arm 100 carried by the rod 88 will be tilted sufiiciently to bring the roller on pivotal arm 116 up against the surface of fixed cam 126. This depresses the roller end of arm 116 with respect to rocker arm 100 and lifts the valve 11-4 thus opening the vacuum release chamber to the atmosphere. The inflow of air through the cup 85 is then reduced to a negligible factor and the blank is permitted to fall onto the feeding conveyor 39.-

In the position of the vacuum cup support shown in FIG. 8 thevacuurn cup group 86 has been brought over to the right and has engaged the leading fiat blank in magazine 31. Since the valve 115 for group 86 is in closed position, the suction through the cups will cause the blank to adhere to the cups. Reverse movement of the support causes the lower portion of the blank to be withdrawn straight out from the magazine until roller 1191 again reaches the notch portion 164 of the cam. As the roller passes up into the notch the cup support swings clockwise causing the cup group 86 to move through an arc While moving bodily to the left in a horizontal direction. Just before the cup group 86 reaches a vertical position the valve 115 will be caused to open when roller 119a is brought up against the surface of cam 129a, thus breaking the vacuum in the cup group 86 and releasing the blank onto the feeding conveyor.

Blank Advancing Mechanism It is desirable to advance the blanks in the magazine a distance equal to the thickness of the blank each time one of the blanks is removed. For this purpose ratchet wheels 124 and 124a are fixed respectively on shafts 50 and 50a which carry the sprocket-s 48 and 48a for the sprocket chains 47 and, 47 which support the blanks in the magazine. Rocker plates 125 and 125a are mounted to rock freely on the respective shafts b and 5th: and these plates are connected with a pivoted linkage element 126 to operate in synchronism. On each plate is a freely pivoted, gravity operated pawl, indicated respectively at 127 and 12712, with its toothed end meshing with the teeth of the respective ratchets. The pawls are oppositely mounted so that when the rocker plates oscillate on their shafts one pawl will turn its ratchet while the other pawl slips rearward over the teeth of its ratchet. The rocker plate 125 is provided with an elongated arm 1251) (see FIGS. 4 and 14) the lower end of which is connected by a link 128 to a rocker arm 129 fixed on shaft 97. By selecting the appropriate ratio between the length of arm 1-25b and the distance of the paw-l pivot from the center of shaft 50 the pawls can be controlled to clear but a single tooth of the ratchet for each oscillation of the plates; and by spacing the teeth of the ratchet a distance equal to the thickness of the blank stock, the magazine chains will advance in steps equal in length to such stock thickness. By reference to FIG. 14 it is apparent that each time the arm 97 is moved to cause reciprocation of the vacuum cup support the arm 125b will also be oscillated to cause actuation of the pawl and ratchet mechanism. Rocker arm 96 is oscillated by a link 130 pivoted to arm 96 at one end and at the other end connected to a crank pin 131 on rotary disk 132 fixed on the end of a jack shaft 133 journalled in the extension 40 of the machine frame.

The jack shaft 133 carries a sprocket 134 fixed thereon having a sprocket chain 135 passing thereover that in turn passes around a sprocket 1'36 fixed on a shaft 137. This shaft has another sprocket 138 thereon driven by a sprocket chain 139 passing over a sprocket 140 fixed on shaft 4-1, previously mentioned, which carries sprocket 42 over which passes one of the feeding conveyor chains 39.

The reciprocation of the carriage members 96 is timed with the movement of the feeding conveyor so that blanks will be deposited on the conveyor, preferably, centrally between two adjacent pairs of pusherelements. Thus, in case of any small variation in the release action of the vacuum cups, the blanks neverthless will be deposited between the pushers.

Stripper for Deflecting Separator T abs As the blanks are advanced on the feeding conveyor they move past a stripping wheel 1'42 mounted on the shaft 137. This wheel has three spaced pins 144 projecting radially on its periphery. The spacing is such that each pin will engage beneath one of the separator tabs 25 and fold it upward to a substantial angle from the plane of the blank. See particularly FIG. 13. The driving mechanism for the shaft 137 and the size of the wheel 142 is such that the wheel is rotated at the same peripheral speed as the speed of travel of the feeding conveyor and the wheel is so timed with the conveyor that when the trailing edge of a blank is in contact with the pusher elements 43, '43, the blank will pass over the wheel in correct relation to the pins 144- so that such pins will properly engage and deflect the tabs 25.

In order to hold the blank firmly from upward displacement while the tabs 25 are being folded upwardly and also for the purpose of assuring that the blanks will have their trailing edges in contact with the pushers, there are provided two spaced hold-down shoes 1'45, 145 (see FIGS. 12 and 13) under which the blanks pass to hold them in close relation to the surface of the wheel 142. These shoes are supported on the lower ends of a U- shaped bracket 146 which in turn is supported on a frame extension 147. See FIG. 4.

The tabs 25, when displaced as illustrated, will be in position to space apart the cans in the adjacent rows when such cans are assembled on the central panel 2' of the blank.

After the tabs 25 are folded up by the stripper 142 they are ready to be delivered to the loading conveyor. In the present instance a blank transfer mechanism is employed to deliver blanks from the feeding conveyor to the loading conveyor. As this mechanism includes parts of the loading conveyor the essentials of the loading conveyor will first be described.

The Loading Conveyor A suitable base frame is provided with longitudinal members 150 and transverse members 151 supported on legs 152. See FIGS. 5 and 6. This base frame is aligned with the frame of the feeding conveyor and placed in close endwise relation, as indicated in FIG. 5. As herein shown, the loading conveyor comprises three spaced sprocket chains 153, 154, 154 passing respectively around sprockets 155, 156, 156 keyed on a shaft 157 at the receiving end of the conveyor and passing respectively around sprockets 158, 159, 159 keyed on a shaft 160 at the discharge end. The shafts 157 and 166 are suitably journalled in hearings on the base frame. Theloading conveyor is driven by a motor 161 connected through suitable reduction gearing to a shaft 162 bearing a sprocket 163 having a sprocket chain 164 passing therearound and around a sprocket 165 on shaft 160. The shaft 157 has sprockets 16% and 168a keyed thereon over which pass sprocket chains 169 and 169a which also pass around sprockets 16% and 169d respectively, keyed on shafts 41 and 41a. This constitutes the driving means for the feeding conveyor. The ratio of the gearing is such that the feeding conveyor will travel at a speed sufficiently faster than the loading conveyor so that the pusher elements 43 will deliver blanks to the discharge end of the feeding conveyor in exact time with the travel of blanks on the loading conveyor.

1 short shafts 41 and 41a.

The links of the loading conveyor chains 153, 153 have short plates or slats 153a secured thereto approximately as long as the dimension of the central panel of the carton. These plates thus support the central panel of the blanks and continue to support such panel after the cans are delivered thereon and while the packages are formed. The loading conveyor chains 154, 154 have small lugs or pusher elements 166 thereon which may bear against the trailing edge of the blanks to keep them in proper alignment as they are advanced. On the center chain in the present instance every fourth plate 153a has secured thereto a lug 167. These lugs function as spacers for the groups of cans delivered to the central panels of the blanks and serve to support the leading and trailing faces of the packages when formed. The lugs 167 have a height which requires shafts 41 and 41a, driving the feeding conveyor chains, to be separated endwise as shown in FIG. 14 to permit the ends of the lugs to swing through this space. See also FIG. 5.

Transfer of Blanks t Loading Conveyor The action of the blank transfer mechanism is to engage the blanks as they reach the end of the feeding conveyor and move each one with a relatively rapid motion into place against the trailing face of a lug on the loading conveyor before the next oncoming lug can move through the path of travel of the blank. To obtain this result two narrow squeeze rolls 170, 170 are mounted on shaft 157 in spaced relation and freely movable on such shaft. Two smaller squeeze rolls 171, 171 are disposed in vertical alignment above the respective rolls 170. The weight of each roll 171 is supported on the companion roll 17% by pi-votally mounting each roll between the jaws of a yoke member 172 having its rear end pivoted on an upstanding portion 173 on the frame member 150. The lower squeeze rolls 170, 170 each has a sprocket 174 secured thereto so that these rolls may be driven independently of the shaft 157 which supports them. Sprocket chains 175, 175a pass respectively over these sprockets and over sprockets 176, 176a, respectively, keyed on the respective See FIGS. 14 and 21.

The ratio of the sprocket sizes is such that the squeeze rolls will travel at a lineal speed in excess of that of the feeding conveyor. Thus, as shown in FIG. an advancing blank will move from the end of the feeding conveyor and as soon as its leading edge reaches the nip between the upper and lower squeeze rolls, the blank moves forward with an accelerated motion causing the advancing edge of the blank to abut the rear faces of the 1ugs166, 166 and 167. The surfaces of the squeeze rolls are preferably formed of a relatively smooth metal so that the rolls will not cause buckling of the blanks but will permit relative slippage between the paperboard blank and the roll surfaces, thus urging the blanks against the lugs with a relatively gentle force until the lugs have advanced far enough that the trailing edge of the blank passes out from the nips of the two sets of rolls. In a short interval of time after the blank has cleared the rolls the next oncoming lugs will move up around the sprockets 155' and 156 and will come into propelling contact with the trailing edge of the blank.

In order to support the blanks during their transfer from the feeding conveyor to the loading conveyor bridging elements 177, 177 are provided (see FIGS. 5 and 15) which may be secured to the frame extension 40 and extend to a point adjacent the nips of the two sets of squeeze rolls 170 and 171.

Additional hold-down shoes, one of which is shown at 178 in FIG. 5, may be provided to hold the blanks flat against the conveyor chains 153 and 154 as they are being advanced by the squeeze rolls. These hold-down shoes are supported on the lower ends of a yoke shaped bracket member 179 secured to the upstanding member 173 by a horizontal frame element 180.

After the blanks have been received onto the loading conveyor and have reached the point where the lugs 166 and 167 are positioned at both the leading and trailing edges of the blanks they are ready to receive a load of cans onto the center panel of the blank. In the present instance the cans are delivered onto the blank in two rows of three cans each, the rows being disposed lengthwise of the conveyor travel.

As shown in FIGS. 1, 20 and 21, the cans are first conveyed in single file parallel to the feeding and loading conveyors on endless slat conveyors 184, 184. These conveyors may conveniently be driven from a motor 185. Each conveyor belt 184 passes around a roller at its delivery end mounted on short, aligned shafts 186, 186 journaled on the frame. These shafts each carry sprockets 187, 187' thereon and are driven from sprockets 188, 188 by chains 189, 189. The sprockets 188 are keyed on a shaft 190 journalled on the frame and disposed below the loading conveyor. Shaft 190 carries a sprocket 191 driven by chain 192 passing around sprocket 193 secured to a shaft 194 driven by reduction gears in gear box 195 connected with the shaft of motor 185.

The cans on the conveyors 184 (see FIGS. 15, 20, and 21) are shunted off such conveyors between side guide members 196, 196 and lower plate supports, as shown at 197, which are on a level just above the flat blanks on the loading conveyor. The side and lower guide members are arranged diagonally with respect to the loading conveyor. The cans are propelled along each of the sets of guides by screw conveyors 198, 198. See FIG. 21. The discharge ends of the screw conveyors are reduced and each is received into a journal in the lower end of a depending bracket as indicated at 199, 199. The opposite ends of each screw conveyor are also reduced and received within respective bearings 200, 200 which are formed as parts of gearhousings 201, 201. A bevel gear, one of which is shown at 202 is secured on each of the reduced ends of the screw conveyors and the bevel gear 202 meshes with a similar bevel gear 203 on a short shaft 2% journalled in the gear housing. Each shaft 204 carries a sprocket 205 around which passes a sprocket chain 206 which in turn passes around sprocket 207 secured on shaft 208 journalled on the frame 150. The two shafts 208, 208 are in alignment and have their inner ends spaced from each other.

Each shaft 2118 carries a sprocket 209 around which passes a chain 210 which in turn passes around sprocket 211. The two sprockets 211 are secured respectively at the outer ends of shaft 157 which is driven by the conveyor chains 153 and 154. The ratio of the gearing is such that the screw conveyors travel at a speed slightly greater than the speed of the loading conveyor and provision is made for a slight slippage in the drive of the screw conveyors by employing a friction coupling between the bevel gears 262 and the reduced end portions of the screw conveyors. The purpose of this drive will presently be made clear.

The lugs 167, as shown in FIG. 20, are generally U- shaped and comprise two upstanding portions 214, 214 having upper and lower, outwardly extending can separator portions 215, 215a of triangular shape. The front edges of these portions extend at right angles to the travel of the conveyor and the rear faces are inclined at an acute angle to the direction of conveyor travel. The can guide bars as shown in FIG. 15 converge inward and terminate at a point just short of the path of travel of the outstanding separator portions. The movement of the screw conveyors causes cans to be continuously brought into position on the central panels of the blanks. As the lugs ad- Vance between the ends of guides 196 cans are yieldingly urged against the trailing faces of the lugs. As the third can in each line of cans approaches its position on the panel, the next oncoming lug will move into position so it will be between the third can of each line and the next succeeding can in such line. The next succeeding cans will engage the inclined surfaces of the portions 215 and 215a which will momentarily slow up the movement of all the cans in the line following the three in each line which have been segregated between the leading and trailing lugs. This process will then continue indefinitely while cans are being supplied to the loading mechanism.

As soon as the two groups of three cans each have passed the end of the screw conveyor they will appear as shown at the right in FIG. 15. The cans will be in place on the central panel of the carton blank and the two rows will be held from the front and rear by lugs E67. As herein illustrated, the two rows of cans as soon as they clear the screw conveyor are held in position by a centrally located vertically disposed blade 217 (see P185. 5, 15 and 20) and by side guide members 213, 2.18. The blade and side guides are suspended from a vertically adjustable frame member 219 the details of which will be described below. The lower edge of the blade 217 is disposed sufficiently above the blank so that it will move freely above the upturned tabs 25, 25. These tabs upon entering between two rows of cans are raised substantially to vertical position by the cans moving in on the side to which they are inclined. It is thus necessary only to deflect these tabs through a moderate angle, preferably over 45, and the cans coming into contact with the tabs will complete their movement to vertical position.

Stripping the Lock Tabs and Folding Narrow End Panels During the time a group of cans is being brought into position upon the central panel of the carton blank it is desirable to begin the conditioning of the end portions of the blank to prepare them for subsequent locking. As a first step the T-shaped locking tabs are stripped or deflected out of the plane of the blank so that they may be held clear while the narrow marginal panel in which they are formed is folded. Referring to FIGS. 3, 15, 19, 20 and 21, there is shown a stripper wheel 223 fixed on the end of a short shaft 224 journalled in a bearing in an upstanding frame element 225 on the frame member 15%. On the opposite end of the shaft 224 is keyed a spur gear 226 meshing with a similar gear 227 on a shaft 223 journalled on the frame. On the opposite end of shaft 228 is keyed a sprocket 229 (see FIG. 21) over which passes a sprocket chain 230 passing around a similar sprocket 231 keyed on the shaft 208 which is driven from one of the main shafts for the loading conveyor. Thus the stripper wheel is rotated at a lineal speed equal to that of the loading conveyor and the surface of the Wheel adjacent the loading conveyor moves in the same direction as the conveyor. The stripper wheel is provided with two radially extending pins 233, 233 which, as they rotate, progressively engage and depress the T-shaped locking tabs 1%, 18. The tabs are thus deflected from the plane of the blank which permits the marginal folding means to fold the marginal panels without also engaging the locking tabs.

As soon as the locking tabs are depressed they continue to be carried forward with the blank and pass under a folding plow element 236, and at the same time the narrow marginal panel 7 of the blank passes over the element 236. See FIGS. 16 and 20. The edge portion of panel which is adjacent to the panel '7 passes under a holddown shoe 237, held above but closely adjacent to the blank by frame clips 238, 238a. As shown in FIGS. 16, 17, 18 and 20, the plowelement 236 at its receiving end is horizontal and, at its opposite end, it has been brought over to assume an acute angle with respect to the holddown shoe 237.

At the opposite end of the blank the edge panel 8 is preferably folded upwardly simultaneously with the folding of the marginal panel 7 just described. For this purpose a hold-down element 243, similar to element 237, is supported above the path of the blank so that the outer edge portion of panel 6 may move thereunder, and a plow element 244, similar to plow 236, is secured so that one end is substantially horizontal and its opposite end is disposed over and at an acute angle with respect to the holddown element. The hold-down element is supported on clips 245 and 245a secured to the machine frame.

It is to be noted that, in the folding of marginal flaps 6 and 7, the rigid tabs 16 and 17 along the fold lines of the flaps will not be aifected and are allowed to continue to extend in the planes of their attached panels.

For the purpose of supporting the blanks between the center conveyor member 153 and outside conveyor chains 15 i, 154 there are provided supporting plates 246, 246 (see PEG. 20) secured to the frame and disposed with their upper surfaces coplanar with the conveyor plates 153a.

The blanks, after passing the folding plows 236 and 244-, as shown in FIGS. 15 and 20, will be carrying a group of two rows of three cans each, located on the central panel 2, with the adjacent cans in the two rows disposed on each side of the upwardly folded tabs 25 and the two rows of cans also being guided and separated by the blade 217. The marginal panels 7 and 8, upon leaving the plow assemblies will remain at an angle to their attached panel due to the folding of such panels over to assume a relatively small angle with respect to such panels. By thus folding well beyond a angle, the panels 7 and 8 will tend to return only part way to their original position. In practice, these panels after folding will usually remain at an angle of approximately 60 to 90 to their attached panels, depending upon the stiifness of the paperboard. See FIGS. 3 and 12.

Folding the Side and Top Panels Referring to FIGS. 6 and 22, it may be noted that, as soon as the narrow panels 7 and S are folded, the side panels 3 and 4 will reach plow rods 248, 2'48 which cause the panels 3 and 4' and their respective attached panels 5' and 6 to swing toward a vertical position. The lower end of each plow rod 243 has a threaded portion received in an arcuate notch 24-9 formed in each frame member 150. By means of a wing nut 25d, threaded onto the threaded end of each plow rod, it may be held firmly. The opposite end of each plow rod has a vertical portion 251 pivotally held in frame member 15d. Thus, by swinging the lower ends of the plow rods laterally as permitted by the arcuate slots, the rods may be adjusted to slightly different angular positions and secured in such positions by the wing-nuts.

For the purpose of holding the cans firmly upon the central panel 2, hold down rods 252, 252' are provided which are swingably supported on the frame member 219 on pivoted rods 252a having their ends supported in bearing brackets secured to such frame member. See FIGS. 6, 22 and 24.

As soon as the leading edges of the panels 3 and 4 with their respective attached panels 5 and 6 have passed a short distance beyond the plow rods 248 they reach folders indicated as a whole at 253 and 253a. Depending on the resiliency of the paperboard from which the blank is formed, the particular positioning of the plow rods 24%, and the manner in which the crease lines have been impressed between the panels, the half-width panels 5 and 6 may be folded partially so that they will be disposed at a greater or less angle with respect to the planes of their attached side panels. The particular angular relationship of these half-width panels to their attached panels as they leave the plow rods 248, 248 is not material to the present invention.

Upon clearing the ends of the plow rods 248, 24 8 the side panels 3 and 4 will each have been brought to flat position against the respective sidesof the group of cans, as best shown in FIG. 3. The panels 5 and 6 may extend vertically or somewhat inclined over the group of cans. Means are provided for positively retaining the side panels 3 and d in close contact with the sides of the cans. For this purpose side pressure members in the form of endless chains 254, 254 are disposed one on each side of the can groups. As best shown in FIGS. 6, 21 and 22 each chain 254 is supported on two spaced, horizontally positioned sprockets 255 and 256. These sprockets are fixed on respective vertical shafts 257 and 258. The shafts 257 are each journalled to rotate freely in lower bearings 259 supported on frame member 150. The shafts 258 are each journalled at their lower ends in bearings 260 on frame member 150. At their upper ends the shafts 258 each have a bevel gear 261 secured thereon, meshing respectively with similar bevel gears 262, 262 on a horizontal shaft 263. The drive for this shaft is through a sprocket 264 fixed on the shaft over which a sprocket chain 265 passes which also passes around a sprocket 266 on shaft 160 which, as previously explained, is driven directly through sprocket chain 164 from motor 161.

The chains 254 each have affixed thereon a plurality of spaced, vertically disposed, narrow plates 254a which bear directly against the side panels to hold them snugly against the cans while the half-width panels are being folded in and secured together.

Folding the Top Panels The folders 253 and 253a for the half-width top panels are shown in FIGS. 6 and 22 in combination and shown in FIGS. 23 and 25 more in detail. The folders cornprise upper initial folding sections of inverted V-shape in cross section which have their ends spaced somewhat outwardly of frame member 219. The folders are inclined inwardly toward the frame 219 and downwardly and terminate in flat sections disposed in horizontal relation close to the tops of the cans and bearing flatwise upon the half width panels after they have reached final position. As herein shown, the folders 253, 253a comprise bent, metal strips 267, 267a which at their upper end portions may assume an angle of approximately 45 to the vertical and at their lower end portions assume a flat position to urge the half-width panels to their final position against the top ends of the group of cans. The initial V-shaped sections are preferably provided by welding short V-shaped angle elements 268 and 268a to the respective strips 267, 267a. See FIGS. 23 and 25 (b). These channel elements each in turn have a small bracket 269, 269a welded to it at one end and secured at its other end to frame 219. Similar, but longer brackets 270, 270a, secure the mid-portion of strip 267 to the frame 219. Near the lower end of each strip is secured an additional element which may be a modified section of angle iron, one web of which, indicated at 271, 271a, is shaped so that its edge will follow the contour of the strip and the other web, partially cut away, indicated at 272, 272a, is welded to the back of the strip. Thus, the webs 271, 271a, extending downward, form with the respective strips 267, 267a, additional V-shaped folding sections. The V-shaped section 272 is preferably formed somewhat deeper toward its closed edge, as indicated in FIG. 25 (c), to accommodate the T-shaped locking tabs so that these tabs may remain intact and allowed to project approximately in the plane of their attached Wall panels 5.

As the cans and carton continue to move toward the ends of the folders 253 the marginal flaps 7 and 8 will meet centrally of the can rows and will be inserted simultaneously between such rows and the panels and 6 will be brought down to rest flat upon the tops of the can rows. See FIGS. 3 and 25 (d).

The blade 217 supported from the frame member 219 is preferably extended to the folder section 253 to assist in the introduction of the narrow panels 5 and 6 between the rows of cans. As shown in FIG. 6, the blade 217 is partly cut away adjacent the can hold-down rods 252 so that it remains clear of the top surfaces of the cans. This permits the can rows to come together into close contact at their upper ends while the side panels are being folded upward around the can group. As shown in FIG. 23 the blade 217 is shaped on a downward curve just ahead of the folder section 253. The upper edge of the blade is also cut away so that the blade terminates in a straight, narrow section 217a projecting horizontally with its upper edge located somewhat below the level of the can chimes as shown in FIGS. 25(c) and 25(d). As the adjacent rows of cans move from the position shown in FIG. 25(a) to that shown in FIG. 25 (b) the can rows first become separated by the blade section 217a. The can rows are next spread even further apart by spreading elements 274, 274 which are in the form of relatively thin, flat strips secured to the horizontal section of the blade 217a. As the can group continues to advance toward the end of the folder 253 the narrow panels 7 and 8 are progressively moved lower by contact of the plow strips 267 and 267a with the panels 5 and 6 until these panels are brought flat against the tops of the can as seen in FIG. 25(d) and the narrow panels 7 and 8 are fully inserted into the space between the rows of cans. Further travel of the package as thus far formed will carry the cans past the end of the blade and spreaders thereon, allowing the can rows again to come into close contact, due to the resilience of the paperboard which tends to oppose the spreading action.

Insertion of Lock Tabs When the two half-width panels 5 and 6 have been brought down on the tops of the cans, as shown in FIG. 25(d), the T-shaped locking tabs are in a position overlying the individual tabs 21 which are cut to provide locking openings 22 within the panel 6. Also in this position of the half-width panels, the small rigid tabs 17, 17 will have been received into the openings formed by cutting the similar rigid tabs 16, 16 from the narrow panel 7. As so assembled, the carton is now ready to have its ends secured together by the insertion of the T- shaped locking tabsinto the openings 22. Means are provided, timed with the movement of the packages, to cause insertionof the locking tabs into the locking openings. In the present construction this means comprises a wheel 275 having a plurality of pairs of controlled locking fingers 276, 276 supported in radial positions on the wheel 275. See FIGS. 3, 22 and 26 to 31 inclusive. As the packages pass below the wheel 275 the locking fingers 276 are progressively brought into registry with the tabs while the fingers are held in a retracted position. Then as the wheel brings each individual locking finger close to vertical position over the locking tab, the finger is caused to move radially downward to depress the locking tab and force it against tab 21, swinging such tab downward and carrying the locking tab through the opening 22. The wing portions of the locking tab, after clearing the opening, snap in behind the margins of the opening. The plain tab 21, being relieved from the pressure forcing it downward, will also swing back toward its original position and will tend to lie relatively flat against the under surface of the T-shaped tab.

It is to be noted that the locations of the openings 22 register with the spaces left at the ends of the can group Where four cans are arranged in contact in a rectangular grouping. The T-shaped tabs thus may move inward freely without interference from the cans.

The wheel 275 is mounted on a shaft 278 journalled in a swingable or tiltable frame 279 comprising a pair of arms which carry journals 2% at one end, surrounding the shaft 263. A spur gear 281, keyed on the shaft 263, meshes with another spur gear 282, keyed on shaft 278. By means of this drive the wheel 275 will be rotated so that its peripheral speed equals the lineal speed of the loading conveyor and the adjacent portions of the conveyor and wheel will travel in the same direction.

The end of the frame 279 opposite the shaft 263 comprises a rod 283 free to turn within openings in the arms 

